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From: bskendig@netcom.com (Brian Kendig)
Date: Sat, 31 Dec 1994 09:44:47 PST
Subject: how-to-tia.txt
How to TIA
(revision of 31 December 1994)
by Brian Kendig (bskendig@netcom.com)
I've seen a lot (and I mean, a LOT) of posts from Mac users who are
completely baffled as to how to get TIA working with their Macs. For a
while, I was one of those baffled users. I spent some long hours
puzzling over it before I finally got it working, so I put together this
information to help other people avoid the same problems I stumbled
through. It's really not a difficult process, but it can be confusing
if you haven't done it before.
(Thanks very much to Bill Arnett (billa@netcom.com) for his revisions to
my original instructions!)
In case you're wondering what TIA is, let me explain -- it's a Unix
program that you run on a normal dialup shell account in order to have
TCP/IP access very similar to what SLIP gives you. In other words, if
right now you run a terminal program and dial in to your Unix system
over a modem, then TIA will let you run Telnet, ftp, NewsWatcher,
Mosaic, Netscape, and other networking software on your Macintosh, all
at the same time, as if you had a full (but slow) connection to the
Internet. For more general information about what TIA is and how to get
it, check out "http://marketplace.com/" (by running "lynx" on your Unix
system or using Mosaic or Netscape if you have access to them), or ftp
to marketplace.com and read the file "read.me" in the "tia" directory.
----------------
First, here are some steps you can do before you register for your
fourteen-day TIA evaluation copy. These are things you'll need to do
anyway before you can use TIA at all, so it makes sense not to start the
evaluation period counting down until after you've done them.
You might want to start by buying a copy of Adam Engst's book _The
Internet Starter Kit_. It comes with a floppy that contains MacTCP,
InterSLIP, and other handy software, and the book itself is especially
good for novices. If you purchase this book with its accompanying disk,
you won't have to worry about finding the software below from other sources.
Here is the software you'll need to have to start out with:
o "MacTCP", Apple's networking software. This is the ONLY commercial
software you'll need for any of this. MacTCP comes with System
7.5, and it can also be purchased separately from Apple or gotten
with Adam's book. It is not available for ftp on the Internet.
o "InterSLIP", a free product from Intercon Systems which lets you run
TCP/IP over your phone lines. You can download InterSLIP from any
of the usual Mac ftp sites; on the sumex mirrors (try ftp.hawaii.edu;
it's fast) it's info-mac/comm/tcp/inter-slip-installer-101.hqx.
InterSLIP is also available with Adam's book, or directly from
InterCon (ftp.intercon.com) in "InterCon/sales/InterSLIP" as
"InterSLIPInstaller1.0.1.hqx".
o Get a copy of NCSA Telnet 2.6. This is available from
zaphod.ncsa.uiuc.edu in Mac/Telnet/Telnet2.6/Telnet2.6.sit.hqx.
Telnet is a good TCP/IP program to use to test whether your
connection is working.
On your Unix system, find out what your name server addresses are.
There will be probably one, two, or three computers set up to figure out
what the real IP addresses are of any host names you use, and you'll
need to give the numeric IP addresses of those computers to MacTCP and
InterSLIP. Contact your Unix administrator if you need help with this.
Also, find out the numeric IP address of the computer you normally log
into, so you can tell NCSA Telnet where to find it later if it can't get
to the name servers for some reason. (For example, here on Netcom, the
nameservers are netcomsv.netcom.com at 192.100.81.101 and ns.netcom.com
at 192.100.81.105, and I also jotted down the address of
netcom7.netcom.com, which is 192.100.81.115.)
----------------
Install InterSLIP by running the installer you've downloaded, reboot,
then go into the "InterSLIP Setup" program. Select "New" from the File
menu, enter any name for your new configuration, then double-click on
the name when it appears in the main window. In the ensuing modal
dialog, you'll probably only need to set a few things:
o Your baud rate. For a 14.4kbaud modem, try setting this to 19200 (it
worked for me); if that doesn't work you can always try 9600 later.
o An IP address. You can enter anything here, since TIA doesn't set up
an individual IP address for you. This field usually gets ignored.
You should probably set this to "192.0.2.1", which is an address that
is actually defined to mean "nothing". Setting it to something simple
such as "1.1.1.1" should also be okay.
o The numeric IP address of one of your name servers (preferably your
"primary" name server), which you found a few paragraphs ago.
o The "MTU Size". TIA documentation recommends setting this to 1500.
Leave the "Dial Script" and "Gateway" set to "Direct Connection".
----------------
Now, install MacTCP, reboot, and open its control panel. Click on the
InterSLIP icon that appears there, then click on "More".
o Set the radio buttons under "Obtain Address" to "Server". I don't
think this matters, but this is what has worked for me.
o Set the "Class" under "IP Address" to "C".
o The entries for "Domain Name Server Information" can be a bit
tricky. First let me show you what I set mine to, then I'll
explain. Remember that I found out my nameservers are
192.100.81.101 and 192.100.81.105:
netcom.com 192.100.81.101
. 192.100.81.101
. 192.100.81.105
The first line should give your default domain (usually the last
two parts of your hostname, such as "netcom.com" or "princeton.edu")
and the address of your primary nameserver. Each line after that
should give a dot (".") and the addresses of each of your nameservers.
This means that if I try to connect to a system ("netcom4") but I
don't give its complete name, it will tack on the default domain
(hence "netcom4.netcom.com") and look it up with the primary
nameserver. If I try to connect to a system by giving its complete
name, the nameservers by the "dot"-entries will be used to look it up.
Click the "Default" radio button by the first entry in your list.
After all this is set, just click "OK", then reboot to apply the changes.
----------------
Now your Mac should be all set! After it reboots, you can go about
setting up TIA on your Unix shell account. The TIA documentation is
very thorough and helpful about how to do this. Register for your
fourteen-day evaluation license, and get to the point where you can run
"tia" from your Unix prompt and have it reply "Ready to start your SLIP
software." Note that if you ever want to stop TIA and get back to a
Unix prompt, just type Control-C slowly five times, such that more than
two seconds go by between the first Control-C and the last one.
Oh, and make sure that your terminal program isn't set to automatically
hang up when you quit out of it; you will need to be able to quit out of
your terminal program without killing your dial-in connection to your
Unix host. (I know for a fact that there's an option in Zterm,
MacLayers, and Microphone that tells them not to hang up when you quit;
look for something like "Drop DTR on Quit" and turn it off.) Right now,
quit out of your terminal program then run it again, and if you find
yourself still going as if you had never quit, then you should be okay.
Okay. Now for the moment of truth.
At a Unix prompt, run "tia" (or whatever the executable is named). It
should reply "Ready to start your SLIP software."
Quit out of your terminal program, open "InterSLIP Setup", make sure the
name of the configuration you created earlier is selected, and click the
"Connect" button. If all goes well, then the word "Connected" should
appear at the top of the window. Note that as long as this says
"Connected", you will not be able to run your terminal program, since
InterSLIP has grabbed the serial port. For example, my copy of Zterm
will hang if I try to run it while InterSLIP has the serial port.
Now run NCSA Telnet. Try to open a connection to the Unix host you
usually connect to. If it fails to connect, then try again, this time
giving the numeric IP address of the Unix host; if it fails with the
name but works with the number then this means that you haven't set your
name servers correctly in the MacTCP control panel or in InterSLIP.
If you've run into problems before this point (InterSLIP doesn't
connect, or NCSA Telnet gives you errors), and you can't figure out what
the problem is, then post on comp.sys.mac.comm to ask for help.
Describe exactly what step of the installation you got up to before
things started going wrong.
On the other hand, if things work for you, then you're all set!
Disconnect from InterSLIP and go back into your terminal program to
download a copy of Dartmouth's "FTP" program from a Mac ftp site, and
try to use that to download a copy of Netscape. Being able to finally
run Netscape on your Mac is a fitting reward for getting all of this to
work successfully.
----------------
You might also want to set up InterSLIP to dial in automatically for you
and run tia without any need for intervention on your part. One example
of how to do this is available via ftp to ftp.netcom.com, as
"/pub/mealiffe/netcom/tia-interslip-script". Put that file into the
folder "System Folder:Preferences:InterSLIP Folder:Gateway Scripts" on
your Mac. You might have to change its type/creator to CNFG/ISLP. It's
a text file, so you can edit it if necessary. Make any necessary
changes to your Unix .login file so that you will always automatically
get to a Unix prompt when you log in. If your prompt does not end in a
percent ('%') character, then use a text editor to edit the script you
just downloaded to put the correct character there (it tells you where
to make the change). I also had to add an extra zero to the number
after every "matchread" statement in the script (for example, where it
said "matchread 50" I made it "matchread 500") to prevent my connections
from timing out so easily before they had finished connecting. Also,
make sure that the TIA application on your Unix account is named just
"tia", since that's what the script will try to automatically run for
you (unless you change the script).
Go back into the InterSLIP Setup application and edit your
configuration: set the Dial Script to "Hayes Compatible" and enter the
Unix dial-in phone number, and set the Gateway Script to the script you
just downloaded and edited. If all went well, then whenever you try to
run any TCP/IP application on your Mac when you're not already
connected, InterSLIP will automatically dial in for you and establish
the connection. Easy as that. :-)
----------------
Don't forget to post to comp.sys.mac.comm for help if you can't get this
to work -- if you run into a problem, chances are other people have,
too. A lot of people have sent email directly to me asking for help
with all sorts of TIA issues; so many people, in fact, that I've been
TOTALLY swamped, and I'm sorry to say that I won't reply to any future
requests for help setting up TIA unless you want to pay me for it. ;-)
I'm not the only person on the net who knows how to set this up! If
there are any unclear or incorrect parts of these instructions, though,
please don't hesitate to let me know, and I'll fix them.
Good luck, and happy SLIPping!
--
_/_/_/ Be insatiably curious. Je ne suis fait comme aucun
/_/_/ Ask "why" a lot. de ceux que j'ai vus; j'ose croire
_/_/ n'etre fait comme aucun de ceux qui existent.
/ Brian Kendig Si je ne vaux pas mieux, au moins je suis autre.
/ bskendig@netcom.com -- Rousseau
ftp://ftp.netcom.com/pub/bs/bskendig/home.html